Definition:
A data type in C defines the type of data that a variable can store. It determines:
The size of memory allocated.
The range of values it can hold.
The operations that can be performed on it.
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Types of Data Types in C
1. Primary (Fundamental) Data Types
These are basic data types provided by C.
Example of Primary Data Types:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int num = 25;
float pi = 3.14;
double largeNum = 12345.6789;
char grade = 'A';
_Bool isPass = 1;
printf("Integer: %d\n", num);
printf("Float: %.2f\n", pi);
printf("Double: %.4lf\n", largeNum);
printf("Character: %c\n", grade);
printf("Boolean: %d\n", isPass);
return 0;
}
Output:
Integer: 25
Float: 3.14
Double: 12345.6789
Character: A
Boolean: 1
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2. Derived Data Types
These are derived from fundamental data types.
Example: Array
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int numbers[3] = {10, 20, 30};
printf("First element: %d", numbers[0]);
return 0;
}
Output:
First element: 10
Example: Pointer
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int num = 10;
int *ptr = #
printf("Value: %d, Address: %p", *ptr, ptr);
return 0;
}
Output: (Address will vary)
Value: 10, Address: 0x7ffee1b3a1f4
Example: Structure
#include <stdio.h>
struct Student {
int roll;
char name[20];
};
int main() {
struct Student s1 = {101, "John"};
printf("Roll: %d, Name: %s", s1.roll, s1.name);
return 0;
}
Output:
Roll: 101, Name: John
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3. User-Defined Data Types
Example: typedef
#include <stdio.h>
typedef unsigned int uint;
int main() {
uint age = 25;
printf("Age: %u", age);
return 0;
}
Output:
Age: 25
Example: enum
#include <stdio.h>
enum Color {RED, GREEN, BLUE};
int main() {
enum Color favColor = GREEN;
printf("Favorite Color: %d", favColor);
return 0;
}
Output:
Favorite Color: 1
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4. Void Data Type
Represents an absence of data.
Used in function declarations where no value is returned.
Example: void Function
#include <stdio.h>
void sayHello() {
printf("Hello, World!");
}
int main() {
sayHello();
return 0;
}
Output:
Hello, World!
---
Conclusion
Primary types: int, float, char, double, _Bool
Derived types: array, pointer, structure, union
User-defined types: typedef, enum
Void type: Represents no data
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